Factcheck: No, Europe is not having its ‘quietest’ year for…

Summary

<p>In recent days, prominent climate sceptics and rightwing commentators have shared charts on social media incorrectly implying that Europe is…</p> <p>The post <a href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/factcheck-no-europe-is-not-having-its-quietest-year-for-wildfires">Factcheck: No, Europe is not having its ‘quietest’ year for wildfires</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.carbonbrief.org">Carbon Brief</a>.</p>

<div class="print-share wp-block">
<button class="g-button g-button--secondary g-button--icon" type="button"><span class="g-button__content">Print article</span><span class="g-button__icon"><svg fill="none" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<path d="M20.1253 6.9375H18.5625V3.75C18.5625 3.60082 18.5032 3.45774 18.3977 3.35225C18.2923 3.24676 18.1492 3.1875 18 3.1875H6C5.85082 3.1875 5.70774 3.24676 5.60225 3.35225C5.49676 3.45774 5.4375 3.60082 5.4375 3.75V6.9375H3.87469C2.66906 6.9375 1.6875 7.86281 1.6875 9V16.5C1.6875 16.6492 1.74676 16.7923 1.85225 16.8977C1.95774 17.0032 2.10082 17.0625 2.25 17.0625H5.4375V20.25C5.4375 20.3992 5.49676 20.5423 5.60225 20.6477C5.70774 20.7532 5.85082 20.8125 6 20.8125H18C18.1492 20.8125 18.2923 20.7532 18.3977 20.6477C18.5032 20.5423 18.5625 20.3992 18.5625 20.25V17.0625H21.75C21.8992 17.0625 22.0423 17.0032 22.1477 16.8977C22.2532 16.7923 22.3125 16.6492 22.3125 16.5V9C22.3125 7.86281 21.3309 6.9375 20.1253 6.9375ZM6.5625 4.3125H17.4375V6.9375H6.5625V4.3125ZM17.4375 19.6875H6.5625V14.8125H17.4375V19.6875ZM21.1875 15.9375H18.5625V14.25C18.5625 14.1008 18.5032 13.9577 18.3977 13.8523C18.2923 13.7468 18.1492 13.6875 18 13.6875H6C5.85082 13.6875 5.70774 13.7468 5.60225 13.8523C5.49676 13.9577 5.4375 14.1008 5.4375 14.25V15.9375H2.8125V9C2.8125 8.48344 3.28875 8.0625 3.87469 8.0625H20.1253C20.7113 8.0625 21.1875 8.48344 21.1875 9V15.9375ZM18.5625 10.875C18.5625 11.0604 18.5075 11.2417 18.4045 11.3958C18.3015 11.55 18.1551 11.6702 17.9838 11.7411C17.8125 11.8121 17.624 11.8307 17.4421 11.7945C17.2602 11.7583 17.0932 11.669 16.9621 11.5379C16.831 11.4068 16.7417 11.2398 16.7055 11.0579C16.6693 10.876 16.6879 10.6875 16.7589 10.5162C16.8298 10.3449 16.95 10.1985 17.1042 10.0955C17.2583 9.99248 17.4396 9.9375 17.625 9.9375C17.8736 9.9375 18.1121 10.0363 18.2879 10.2121C18.4637 10.3879 18.5625 10.6264 18.5625 10.875Z" fill="currentColor">
</svg></span></button> <button class="g-button g-button--secondary g-button--icon" type="button"><span class="g-button__content">Share</span><span class="g-button__icon"><svg fill="none" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<path d="M22.1475 10.1025L14.6475 2.60249C14.5688 2.52393 14.4686 2.47043 14.3596 2.44877C14.2505 2.42711 14.1375 2.43825 14.0348 2.48078C13.9321 2.52331 13.8443 2.59533 13.7824 2.68774C13.7206 2.78016 13.6876 2.88881 13.6875 2.99999V6.95624C8.57999 7.29281 2.40092 12.1125 1.69405 18.2681C1.67109 18.4641 1.71058 18.6624 1.80688 18.8346C1.90318 19.0069 2.05138 19.1444 2.23038 19.2275C2.40937 19.3106 2.61003 19.3351 2.80377 19.2975C2.99751 19.2599 3.17444 19.1621 3.30936 19.0181C4.36499 17.8922 8.15624 14.3062 13.6875 14.0747V18C13.6876 18.1112 13.7206 18.2198 13.7824 18.3122C13.8443 18.4047 13.9321 18.4767 14.0348 18.5192C14.1375 18.5617 14.2505 18.5729 14.3596 18.5512C14.4686 18.5296 14.5688 18.4761 14.6475 18.3975L22.1475 10.8975C22.2528 10.792 22.312 10.6491 22.312 10.5C22.312 10.3509 22.2528 10.208 22.1475 10.1025ZM14.8125 16.6425V13.5C14.8125 13.3508 14.7532 13.2077 14.6477 13.1022C14.5422 12.9968 14.3992 12.9375 14.25 12.9375C11.6503 12.9375 9.11624 13.6172 6.71999 14.9578C5.32332 15.7424 4.03681 16.7086 2.89405 17.8312C3.33467 15.3412 4.78405 12.9562 7.01905 11.0559C9.23155 9.18187 11.9334 8.06249 14.25 8.06249C14.3992 8.06249 14.5422 8.00323 14.6477 7.89774C14.7532 7.79225 14.8125 7.64918 14.8125 7.49999V4.35843L20.954 10.5L14.8125 16.6425Z" fill="currentColor">
</svg></span></button> </div>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In recent days, prominent climate sceptics and rightwing commentators have shared charts on social media incorrectly implying that Europe is having its “quietest” year for wildfires in 2026.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">These include <a href="https://matthewwielicki.com/">Dr Matthew Wielicki</a>, a former University of Alabama geochemist and <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/matthew-wielicki-30935a353/">self-described</a> “professor in exile”, who was <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2026/07/09/the-administration-has-a-new-climate-change-office-its-headed-by-a-climate-critic-00990916">recently appointed</a> by the Trump administration to lead the <a href="https://toolkit.climate.gov/case-study/us-global-change-research-program">US Global Change Research Program</a>.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">However, these charts paint a misleading picture as they are skewed by encompassing the entirety of Russia in the data – including the vast plains of Siberia.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">These charts also use data that include fires that are deliberately lit to manage cropland, which is a declining practice across much of Europe.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In this factcheck, Carbon Brief shows that the area burned by wildfires across the European Union in 2026 is second only to 2022 for this time of year.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The latest data from the <a href="https://effis.emergency.copernicus.eu/">European Forest Fire Information System</a> (EFFIS) also shows that France has set a new modern record for area burned and Spain’s wildfire season is among the worst on record.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The fires have displaced more than a <a href="https://apnews.com/article/europe-wildfires-france-spain-bordeaux-0880421447ebd9ad4d2e505b37c54181">third of a million people</a> across south-western Europe, while an impending heatwave <a href="https://www.npr.org/2026/07/29/g-s1-136057/france-wildfires">has also raised fears</a> of the fires worsening in the coming days. </p>

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="quietest-year">‘Quietest year’</h2>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">On 27 July, as wildfires raged across multiple European countries, former Conservative peer and climate-sceptic commentator Matt Ridley posted on <a href="https://x.com/mattwridley/status/2081705557061181805?s=20">Twitter</a> that “2026 is the quietest year for wildfires in Europe by some distance”.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Ridley, who sits on the academic advisory council of the <a href="https://www.desmog.com/global-warming-policy-foundation/">Global Warming Policy Foundation</a> (GWPF), a UK-based climate-sceptic lobby group that refuses to reveal the sources of its funding, was responding to an <a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2026/07/26/climate-change-real-right-needs-to-get-serious/">article</a> by Daily Telegraph columnist Tim Stanley.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Stanley’s column, headlined: “Climate change is real – and the right needs to get serious about it”, warned:</p>

<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow">
<p class="is-style-typestyle-large wp-block-paragraph">“This is no longer a matter of speculation: the wildfires of Europe, pitiless and persistent, are the way we live now.”</p>
</blockquote>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Ridley included a <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/cumulative-area-burnt-by-wildfires-by-week?country=~OWID_EUR">chart</a> from <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/">Our World In Data</a>, showing the cumulative area burned by wildfires by week for Europe. The chart puts 2026 as having the smallest area for this time of year in a dataset going back to 2012.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Ridley’s post was widely shared by prominent rightwing figures – including <a href="https://x.com/TiceRichard">Richard Tice</a>, deputy leader of the hard-right, climate-sceptic Reform UK party, former Conservative cabinet minister <a href="https://x.com/Jacob_Rees_Mogg">Jacob Rees-Mogg</a> and <a href="https://x.com/zatzi/status/2081859649913938095?s=20">multiple</a> <a href="https://x.com/AllisonPearson">commentators</a>.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Separately, Wielicki also <a href="https://x.com/MatthewWielicki/status/2082228715254325755?s=20">shared</a> a chart on Twitter to imply that wildfires in Europe are declining. Wielicki has previously <a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-climate-change-global-warming-denier-b3012206.html">claimed</a> that the “science is not settled on climate change”.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Author and self-styled “sceptical environmentalist” Bjorn Lomborg has also shared similar charts on <a href="https://x.com/BjornLomborg/status/2082814445273649207?s=20">Twitter</a>. </p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">These charts all use data from the <a href="https://gwis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/">Global Wildfire Information System</a> (GWIS). The GWIS category for “Europe” encompasses all the countries on the continent and includes the whole of Russia.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">As a result, Russia accounts for about 74% of the area included in the GWIS definition of “Europe”.</p>

<div class="gf_browser_unknown gform_wrapper gform-theme gform-theme--foundation gform-theme--framework gform-theme--orbital newsletter-inline_wrapper" id="gform_wrapper_5"><div class="gform_anchor" id="gf_5" tabindex="-1"></div>
<div class="gform_heading">
<p class="gform_description"></p>
</div><form action="/feed#gf_5" class="newsletter-inline" enctype="multipart/form-data" id="gform_5" method="post">
<div class="gform-body gform_body"><div class="gform_fields top_label form_sublabel_above description_above validation_below" id="gform_fields_5"><div class="gfield gfield--type-honeypot gform_validation_container field_sublabel_above gfield--has-description field_description_above field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" id="field_5_7"><label class="gfield_label gform-field-label" for="input_5_7">Comments</label><div class="gfield_description" id="gfield_description_5_7">This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged.</div><div class="ginput_container"><input autocomplete="new-password" id="input_5_7" name="input_7" type="text" value="" /></div></div><div class="gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield--width-full preheader gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_above field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" id="field_5_6"><p>Free fortnightly newsletter</p>
</div><div class="gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield--width-full gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_above field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" id="field_5_5"><img src="https://cbtempdev.wpenginepowered.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/cited-banner_landing-copy.webp" style="padding-bottom: 0.5em;" />

</div><div class="gfield gfield--type-email gfield--input-type-email gfield--width-five-twelfths inline-email field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_above hidden_label field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" id="field_5_1"><label class="gfield_label gform-field-label" for="input_5_1">Email</label><div class="ginput_container ginput_container_email">
<input class="medium" id="input_5_1" name="input_1" type="email" value="" />
</div></div><div class="gfield gfield--type-submit gfield--width-one-twelfth field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_above field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" id="field_submit"><input class="gform-button gform-button--white button" id="gform_submit_button_5" type="submit" value="Submit" /></div></div></div>
<div class="gform-footer gform_footer top_label">
<input class="gform_hidden" name="gform_submission_method" type="hidden" value="postback" />
<input class="gform_hidden" id="gform_theme_5" name="gform_theme" type="hidden" value="orbital" />
<input class="gform_hidden" id="gform_style_settings_5" name="gform_style_settings" type="hidden" value="{"inputPrimaryColor":"#204ce5"}" />
<input class="gform_hidden" name="is_submit_5" type="hidden" value="1" />
<input class="gform_hidden" name="gform_submit" type="hidden" value="5" />

<input class="gform_hidden" name="gform_currency" type="hidden" value="K7kU2mVmHS08sRwFqs+irv/u/TEK/CgQgbFbbaEcs0hKjj1gIVCtA9LcvI1LTWKxIkgxvmgatEw7Z+KTKSI+2fLWiloXBeo5zMXDO5lvldZrPSE=" />
<input class="gform_hidden" name="gform_unique_id" type="hidden" value="" />
<input class="gform_hidden" name="state_5" type="hidden" value="WyJbXSIsImJhZGFmNDhiODgxMDFiZTczZmRhZTdiNTdjNTY5OTE0Il0=" />
<input autocomplete="off" class="gform_hidden" id="gform_target_page_number_5" name="gform_target_page_number_5" type="hidden" value="0" />
<input autocomplete="off" class="gform_hidden" id="gform_source_page_number_5" name="gform_source_page_number_5" type="hidden" value="1" />
<input name="gform_field_values" type="hidden" value="" />

</div>
</form>
</div>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Wildfires in Russia typically account for <a href="https://x.com/hausfath/status/2082235079766819085?s=20">80-90%</a> of the burned area in the GWIS Europe dataset. In 2026, fires in Russia are substantially below average. Therefore, including Russia in this comparison creates the false impression that wildfire activity across Europe is unusually low.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://discover.utas.edu.au/Calum.Cunningham">Dr Calum Cunningham</a>, a research fellow at the <a href="https://www.utas.edu.au/">University of Tasmania</a>’s <a href="https://firecentre.org.au/">Fire Centre</a>, says that such claims are “highly misleading”, noting that “they rely on aggregating fire activity across an enormous and climatically diverse region”. He tells Carbon Brief:</p>

<p class="indent wp-block-paragraph">“A relatively quiet season in Russia can easily mask an exceptionally active season in France or Spain. If the analysis is focused on the regions actually experiencing the current fires, the picture is very different.</p>

<p class="indent wp-block-paragraph">“The reality is that western Europe has experienced an extraordinary sequence of climate conditions this year.”</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In contrast, the EFFIS provides a subset of wildfire data specifically for the area covered by the 27 nations of the EU, which, therefore, excludes Russia. </p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Another difference between the two datasets is that GWIS monitors all fires – including those on agricultural land that are <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stubble_burning">intentionally set alight</a>. The burned area as measured by GWIS <a href="https://x.com/hausfath/status/2082498866788831591">contains significant cropland area</a>. </p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">By contrast, EFFIS uses land-cover data and other information to <a href="https://forest-fire.emergency.copernicus.eu/about-effis/technical-background/active-fire-detection">filter specifically</a> for forest fires. </p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Looking at the EU-only data from EFFIS reveals that Europe is far from having its “quietest” year. The bloc’s burned area, as of 29 July, is almost 435,000 hectares (ha) – second only to 2022 for this time of year.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Notably, Wielicki has actually <a href="https://x.com/MatthewWielicki/status/2082535228959252831?s=20">continued to post</a> charts based on GWIS data, even after <a href="https://x.com/MatthewWielicki/status/2082444400089821201?s=20">acknowledging</a> that “includ[ing] all of Russia, including vast areas of Siberia…isn’t a good proxy for Europe”.</p>

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="french-fires">French fires</h2>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Even looking at EU-wide data misses the scale of this year’s wildfires for some individual countries.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The chart below shows the surge in burned area in France since mid-July.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">For much of the first half of the year, the country was having a wildfire season that was only slightly above average in terms of total burned area. However, a notable uptick began in the first week of July.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The third week of the month saw France break its previous cumulative annual record by more than 19,000ha. That gap has widened as the fires continue to burn; as of 29 July, the cumulative burned area in France during 2026 was nearly 24,700ha above the previous record. </p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The fires in France follow a record-breaking <a href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/media-reaction-how-climate-change-intensified-europes-record-breaking-june-heat-2">June heatwave</a> that “dried out vegetation across the region, allowing fires to spread quickly”, wrote the <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2026/07/28/world/europe/france-spain-wildfires-2026-fire-season.html">New York Times</a>. </p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">On 27 July, French president Emmanuel Macron called a “crisis cabinet meeting” in order to address the fires “ravaging several areas of south-west France”, said <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20260727-live-macron-crisis-cabinet-meeting-france-devastating-wildfires-macron?arena_mid=4iJI9N2Rru3bZmex24T8&arena_post_slug=macron-to-hold-crisis-cabinet-meeting-to-discuss-wildfires-monday-morning">France 24</a>.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">More than 220,000 people have been evacuated due to the Gironde fire, west of Bordeaux, in “what may be France’s largest peacetime evacuation”, reported the <a href="https://apnews.com/article/europe-wildfires-france-spain-bordeaux-0880421447ebd9ad4d2e505b37c54181">Associated Press</a>.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In the <a href="https://theconversation.com/the-fire-has-such-power-why-the-wildfires-gripping-france-and-spain-are-off-the-charts-288507">Conversation</a>, Cunningham and two other <a href="https://www.utas.edu.au/">University of Tasmania</a> researchers write that evacuation orders “protec[t] human lives, but makes it more likely houses and other structures will burn if there’s no one to defend them”. They add:</p>

<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow">
<p class="is-style-typestyle-large wp-block-paragraph">“There is little doubt climate change has made France and Spain’s wildfires worse. They represent yet another reason to redouble our efforts to tackle climate change and stabilise our climate.”</p>
</blockquote>

<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="central-spain-scorched">Central Spain scorched</h2>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">While Spain’s fire season has not broken records in the same way that France’s has, it is on track to be among the worst since EFFIS began reporting data in 2006. </p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The chart below shows the rapid increase in burned area in Spain since 8 July. The latest data from EFFIS reveal that, as of 29 July, Spain has almost matched its previous record at this point in the year. It is also nearly five times the average area burned for this time of year.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In Spain, the wildfires have been concentrated in the central part of the country, near Madrid. </p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cj638jx0l53o">BBC News</a> reported that the fires outside the capital have burned “an area more than twice as large as the city itself”.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Nearly 90,000 people were forced from their homes in central Spain by the fires, said the <a href="https://apnews.com/article/europe-wildfires-france-spain-evacuees-8406b18eaf0fa6400a1c5377c7f50fd9">Associated Press</a>. </p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Pedro Sánchez, Spain’s prime minister, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qPpGKH7hpgU">called</a> the fires a “painful expression” of climate change.</p>

<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Meanwhile, the UK, French and Spanish governments have <a href="https://bsky.app/profile/did:plc:63ezulkb3amfzgpanfp2u5br/post/3mrtsdvglk224">issued</a> joint statements this week in response to the fires. The UK/Spain <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/joint-statement-by-the-ministers-of-foreign-affairs-of-the-united-kingdom-of-great-britain-and-northern-ireland-and-the-kingdom-of-spain-on-wildfires-">statement</a> begins:</p>

<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow">
<p class="is-style-typestyle-large wp-block-paragraph">“This summer’s wildfires demonstrated that climate change was now a national security emergency facing Europe and threatening our way of life.”</p>
</blockquote>

<section class="cards wp-block animate cards--columns-4 alignfull">
<div class="cards__inner">
<div class="cards__header">
<h2 class="cards__heading" id="related">Related</h2>
</div>

<div class="cards__items">
<article class="g-card g-card--size-medium g-card--size-mobile-small g-card--row has-image has-link">
<div class="g-card__inner">

<h2 class="g-card__heading" id="mapped-how-climate-change-affects-extreme-weather-around-the-world">Mapped: How climate change affects extreme weather around the world</h2>
<div class="g-card__meta">

<div class="g-card__date">
19.03.2026 </div>

<div class="g-card__labels">
<a class="g-card__label" href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/topic/attribution">Attribution</a> </div>

</div>

</div>

<h2 class="g-card__heading" id="climate-change-made-fire-weather-in-chile-and-argentina-three-times-more-likely">Climate change made ‘fire weather’ in Chile and Argentina three times more likely</h2>
<div class="g-card__meta">

<div class="g-card__date">
11.02.2026 </div>

<div class="g-card__labels">
<a class="g-card__label" href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/topic/attribution">Attribution</a> </div>

</div>

</div>

<h2 class="g-card__heading" id="global-wildfires-burned-an-area-of-land-larger-than-india-in-2024">Global wildfires burned an area of land larger than India in 2024</h2>
<div class="g-card__meta">

<div class="g-card__date">
16.10.2025 </div>

<div class="g-card__labels">
<a class="g-card__label" href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/topic/land-and-soils-nature">Land and soils</a> </div>

</div>

</div>

<h2 class="g-card__heading" id="analysis-record-uk-wildfires-have-burned-an-area-twice-the-size-of-glasgow-in-2025">Analysis: Record UK wildfires have burned an area twice the size of Glasgow in 2025</h2>
<div class="g-card__meta">

<div class="g-card__date">
08.08.2025 </div>

<div class="g-card__labels">
<a class="g-card__label" href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/topic/extreme-weather">Extreme weather</a> </div>

</div>

</div>

<a class="g-card__link" href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-record-uk-wildfires-have-burned-an-area-twice-the-size-of-glasgow-in-2025"></a>

</article>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/factcheck-no-europe-is-not-having-its-quietest-year-for-wildfires">Factcheck: No, Europe is not having its ‘quietest’ year for wildfires</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.carbonbrief.org">Carbon Brief</a>.</p>

📝 RSS Summary Only

Factcheck: No, Europe is not having its ‘quietest’ year for wildfires

AI Analysis

Summary

More from Carbon Brief

Q&A: What does China’s 15th five-year plan for coal mean for climate action?

Analysis: Weaker EV targets could cost UK consumers £3bn a year by 2030

Q&A: What is in China’s new five-year plan for climate change?

Factcheck: How nuclear, gas, wind and solar power are affected during heatwaves

Q&A: Does the world need ‘carbon capture and storage’ to reach net-zero?